What is Decryption?

Decryption is taking encoded or encrypted text or other data and converting it back into text you or the computer can read and understand. This term could be used to describe a method of unencrypting the data using the proper codes or keys.

Data may be encrypted to make it difficult for someone to steal the information. Some companies also encrypt data for the general protection of company data and trade secrets. If this data needs to be viewable, it may require decryption. If a decryption passcode or key is not available, special software may be needed to decrypt, using algorithms to crack the decryption and make the data readable.

How Decryption Works

There are several ways to encrypt files, but most methods involve one or more “keys.” When encrypting a file, the key may be a single password. Network encryption often involves a public key and a private key shared between each end of the data transfer.

Decryption works by applying the opposite conversion algorithm used to encrypt the data. The same key is required to return the encrypted data to its original state. For example, if the password “ABC123” is used to encrypt a file, the same password is needed to decrypt the file.

Secure network transfers, including Internet connections, handle encryption and decryption in the background. Protocols such as HTTPS and Secure SMTP encrypt and decrypt data on the fly. These protocols automatically generate a secure key for each encrypted network transfer and do not require a password.

NOTE: Encrypting data is a smart way to protect private information from prying eyes. But make sure to use a password you will remember when encrypting files. If you cannot remember your password, the data may be unrecoverable.

There are various types of decryption –

1. Symmetric Decryption – In symmetric encryption, the same mathematical equation both encrypts and decrypts the information. The following example, is a simple letter substitution cipher, including A=B, B=C, etc.
It is symmetrical because it can easily reverse the process to decrypt the message. If it can send a message using a symmetric encryption method, the recipients should also have the key to decrypt the file.

2. Asymmetric Decryption – Asymmetric decryption methods are also known as public-key decryption. It can use a system including a set of connected keys. In this system, anything encoded with one key needed the other key to decrypt.
When it can encrypt a message using someone’s public key, it can understand that only a recipient possessing the corresponding private key can read it.

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